Port of Los Angeles to participate in clean-ships program

The Following is a press release from the Port of Los Angeles.

(SAN PEDRO, Calif.) -- The Port of Los Angeles is working with the International Association of Ports and Harbors (IAPH) to develop incentive program strategies to participate in the Environmental Ship Index (ESI) Program starting in 2012.

ESI is an international web-based ship-rating system ports can use to promote clean ships by rewarding operators whose vessels exceed current environmental performance standards and regulations. Port staff presented an outline of the program to the Board of Harbor Commissioners last week and expects to submit recommendations for participation in the program to the Board by early 2012.

The announcement comes on the fifth anniversary of the Port's adoption of the Clean Air Action Plan (CAAP), a landmark pollution reduction initiative whose measures have helped to cut harmful air emissions from port-related sources in the San Pedro Bay by as much as 76 percent. The CAAP was designed as a blueprint for charting a permanent course for the Port of Los Angeles to operate the cleanest, most environmentally sustainable port. In 2010, the Port reaffirmed its commitment to the CAAP by expanding its programs and setting more aggressive targets with near-term goals through 2014 and long-term objectives through 2023.

"The Port of Los Angeles continues to be a world leader in combating pollution," said Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa. "We've had five years of extraordinary success with the Clean Air Action Plan and now we're looking at the next generation of strategies for running the cleanest possible port and improving air quality in Los Angeles and throughout Southern California."

"The Port of Los Angeles is looking forward to being part of these international standards and setting the stage for North American ports to follow suit and reward operators for greening their fleets," said Port of Los Angeles Executive Director Geraldine Knatz, Ph.D. and IAPH president. "As participation grows, the benefits increase for carriers and communities."

The Port of Los Angeles adopted the CAAP to help tackle harmful emissions in the South Coast Air Basin. After launching the CAAP in 2006, the Port has met or exceeded nearly all its goals for reducing air pollution from port-related sources. Ships remain the toughest challenge, as they are regulated by international convention and represent the single largest source of air pollution from port-related operations.

The ESI identifies voluntary engine, fuel and technology enhancements ships can use to exceed current environmental performance standards. The ESI targets primary pollutants, which include nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and diesel particulate matter (DPM). The program also contains a component to help reduce greenhouse gases. The index was developed by some of the world's major ports collaborating under the World Ports Climate Initiative, a project of the IAPH.

Nine European ports in the Netherlands, Norway, Germany, Belgium and Italy have signed on to participate in the ESI and either have current programs or are in the process of developing programs to offer financial incentives to reward operators whose ships outperform environmental standards.

The Port of Los Angeles is America's premier port and has a strong commitment to developing innovative strategic and sustainable operations that benefit the economy as well as the quality of life for the region and the nation it serves. As the leading seaport in North America in terms of shipping container volume and cargo value, the Port supports more than 830,000 regional jobs and $35 billion in annual wages and tax revenues. A proprietary department of the City of Los Angeles, the Port is self-supporting and does not receive taxpayer dollars.

Wärtsilä completes unique conversion of vessel to LNG operation

We recently published an article on the conversion of Washington State Ferries to LNG propulsion. This seemed like an appropriate follow up for that article which was based on a study by the Glosten Associates.

Wärtsilä Corporation, Trade & Technical Press release, 23 November 2011

The product tanker ‘Bit Viking’ was the first vessel ever to undergo a conversion by Wärtsilä from heavy fuel oil to liquefied natural gas (LNG) operation. The conversion enables the ‘Bit Viking’ to qualify for lower nitrogen oxide (NOX) emission taxes under the Norwegian NOX fund scheme.

The unique fuel conversion of the product tanker ‘Bit Viking’, from heavy fuel oil to gas operation, has been finalised and in October the vessel was handed over to the customer, Tarbit Shipping. The re-commissioned vessel is operated by Statoil along the Norwegian coastline, and the conversion carried out by Wärtsilä enables it to qualify for lower NOX emission taxes under the Norwegian NOX fund scheme. The fund is a cooperative effort whereby participating companies may apply for financial support in return for introducing NOX reducing measures. Furthermore, liquefied natural gas (LNG) operation means lower carbon oxide emissions, and virtually no sulphur oxide or particle emissions whatsoever.

First marine dual fuel (DF) conversion

This is the first marine installation in the world to involve converting Wärtsilä 46 engines to Wärtsilä 50DF engines, and the first 50DF marine installation with mechanical propulsion. By operating on LNG, the ‘Bit Viking’ becomes one of the most environmental friendly product tankers in the world.

In August 2010, Wärtsilä announced that it had signed a turnkey project with Tarbit Shipping to convert the ‘Bit Viking’ to LNG operation. The scope of the conversion package from Wärtsilä included deck-mounted gas fuel systems, piping, two six-cylinder Wärtsilä 46 engines converted to Wärtsilä 50DF units with related control systems and all adjustments to the ship’s systems necessitated by the conversion. The vessel’s classification certificate was also updated. The engines are connected directly to the propeller shafts through a reduction gearbox, thus avoiding the electrical losses that are an unavoidable feature of diesel-electric configurations. This enables a significant improvement in propulsion efficiency, reduced fuel consumption, and corresponding reductions in emissions. This is the first LNG fuelled vessel to be classified by Germanischer Lloyd.

New LNG storage system

The ‘Bit Viking’ utilises Wärtsilä’s new LNGPac system, which enables the safe and convenient onboard storage of LNG. The two 500 cubic metre LNG storage tanks are mounted on the deck to facilitate bunkering operations and permit the bunkering of LNG at a rate of 430 cubic metres per hour. The storage tanks provide the vessel with 12 days of autonomous operation at 80 per cent load, with the option to switch to marine gas oil if an extended range is required. When visiting EU ports, which have a 0.1 per cent limit on sulphur emissions, the vessel operates on gas.

“Wärtsilä’s unique expertise and experience with dual fuel technology, as well as with fuel conversion projects, were the main reasons for us choosing them. We appreciate the technological efficiency of the Wärtsilä solutions and the expert way in which this conversion project has been handled. We are proud that the ‘Bit Viking’ is now one of the world’s most environmentally sustainable tankers in operation,” says Anders Hermansson, Technical Manager, Tarbit Shipping.

“This is a major step for Wärtsilä in consolidating its market leading position in LNG solutions for the shipping industry. The successful sea trials with this vessel provide yet further validation of the viability of LNG as the marine fuel of the future. We anticipate that this development will rapidly accelerate during the coming few years,” says Sören Karlsson, General Manager, Gas Applications, Ship Power Technology

LNG use on Washington State Ferries Could Save Millions over Time.

An LNG-fuelled ferry would have significant environmental and economic benefits, according to a recently feasibility study for Washington State Ferries. Architectural and marine engineering firm, The Glosten Associates, recently completed the feasibility study for Washington State Ferries (WSF) on converting its 144-car ferry design to liquefied natural gas (LNG) propulsion. 

Glosten's study concluded that the conversion is both technically feasible and cost effective, although technical and regulatory challenges remain. The study examined design, economic, regulatory, and environmental issues. 

The operational savings for a single vessel are estimated to be between $900,000 and $1.25 million per year, after an upfront capital cost premium of $8.5 million to $10 million. Switching to natural gas fuel will significantly reduce emissions of nitrous oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), particulate matter, and carbon dioxide (CO2). These greenhouse gases have been identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as significant factors in harming human health, including respiratory illnesses, as well as damaging to the environment. 

Glosten’s design was formally reviewed by the United States Coast Guard (USCG). USCG provided extensive feedback as well as a written response, showing their willingness to work with owners early in developing a case-by-case design basis until official rules are developed. The USCG response provides WSF with a regulatory basis from which to advance the project design. This is an important result, as the lack of USCG regulations is often cited as a primary risk to vessel owners interested in reaping the benefits of LNG fuel conversion.

Overall, this looks very promising for the nation's largest ferry system to save on operating costs. The initial investment is pretty sizeable, however saving nearly a million dollars per year in fuel will do a lot to shrink the state budget. We think that this would be a great use of federal funds as opposed to some of the other job creation projects that have been touted - such as the high-speed rail project the current administration is pushing.

Click herefor the full Glosten Associates report.

Chevron Assumes Responsibility For Oil Spill. (What Spill?)

The article below from the Dow Jones Newswires  caught my attention this morning. I have actually been following this story for a couple of days now and realized I haven't seen this anywhere in the mainstream media. Why not? Granted this isn't the same as the horrific Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico, however it is a spill nonetheless. Chevron is taking responsibility for it which is commendable. BP took responsibility for Deepwater Horizon, but they are vilified still today. (This is despite the fact several other companies have been found  to share the blame - which we don't hear about either.)

RIO DE JANEIRO (Dow Jones)–The Brazilian unit of major U.S. oil company Chevron Corp. (CVX) takes “full responsibility” for a leaking well bore that left a sheen of crude staining the Atlantic Ocean, a company official said Sunday.
“Any oil on the surface of the ocean is unacceptable to Chevron,” said George Buck, president of Chevron Brasil.
Chevron has plugged the appraisal well that was the primary source of the leaking crude, which traveled to the surface through a hole in the well bore after the rock wall of the well failed, Buck said.
Brazil’s National Petroleum Agency, or ANP, estimated the leak at between 200 and 330 barrels of crude per day, which was “in the ballpark,” Buck said. Another government estimate put the total volume of the spill at 5,000 to 8,000 barrels. Buck said that estimate was also “in the ballpark, perhaps high.”
Chevron has not used any chemical dispersants on the oil slick on the ocean’s surface, using only mechanical dispersion and collection, Buck said. He denied that Chevron was using sand on the sheen.
-By Jeff Fick, Dow Jones Newswires

Does anybody have any theories on why this environmental disaster isn't being covered? I would love to hear any input or theories.

US Navy Alternative Fuel Test Successfully Concluded

From NAVSEA
18 November 2011

The U.S. Navy successfully concluded its largest demonstration of shipboard alternative fuel use when the Self Defense Test Ship (SDTS) arrived at Naval Surface Warfare Center Port Hueneme, Calif., at 10:37 a.m. (PST), November 17 after a 17 hour transit from the Defense Fuel Supply Point at Naval Base Point Loma

The SDTS is a decommissioned Spruance-class destroyer, ex-Paul F. Foster (EDD 964). It has been reconfigured to provide the Navy with an at-sea, remotely controlled, engineering test and evaluation platform without the risk to personnel or operational assets.

The ship received approximately 20,000 gallons of a 50-50 blend of an algae-derived, hydro-processed algal oil and petroleum F-76 from the Defense Fuel Supply Point at Naval Base Point Loma, November 16.

"How can we have an impact?" asked Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Energy, Installations and Environment) Jackalyne Pfannenstiel at the demonstration's kick-off. "We can have an impact as a technology leader, highlighting and demonstrating the viability of biofuels as we are here today. This demo, the largest to date, is a major milestone for us. More than 50 percent of our fuel goes to maritime use. When this ship arrives in Port Hueneme, we will be a giant step closer to powering our Great Green Fleet and demonstrating progress toward a sustainable energy future."

Shortly after Assistant Secretary Pfannenstiel's remarks, the ship began its transit to Naval Surface Warfare Center Port Hueneme using the 50-50 blend. While EDD 964 has four LM 2500 main propulsion gas turbines and four 501-K17 ship service gas turbine generators, the ship only operated on one LM 2500 and two 501-K17s during the demonstration, so 100 percent of ship's propulsion power and 50 percent of service power came from the algal oil/F-76 fuel blend.

Meeting the Secretary of the Navy's call for a drop-in fuel replacement, no changes were required to the infrastructure of the ship or fueling pier for the SDTS test. The demonstration also marked the only at-sea operational test of alternative fuels in the LM 2500 – the engine found in most surface combatants – before the Green Strike Group demonstration in 2012.

"For the test, a baseline run was made on the ship's transit from Port Hueneme to San Diego using F-76 fuel," said Rick Kamin, Naval Fuels and Lubricants Cross Functional Team lead. "Using the 50-50 blend on the return run to Port Hueneme, the tested engines were assessed on their abilities to perform start sequences as well as motoring and purging operations noted in Engineering Operational Sequencing System procedures. We also collected data on compressor inlet temperature, engine speed, engine start time, fuel manifold pressure, turbine outlet temperature, turbine inlet temperature, ship service gas turbine generators power output, and gas turbine main engine shaft output."

"From our perspective as the ship's operators, there was absolutely no difference, whatsoever, in the operation or performance of the ship," said Naval Surface Warfare Center Port Hueneme Division's Mike Wolfe, underway project officer. "The fuel burned just like the traditional fuel we get from the Navy and have been burning for years. We could not tell the difference. The biggest success is that a Navy ship with engines identical to those in commissioned warships operated successfully on an overnight transit with the alternative fuel without a glitch in anything. Operationally, it was absolutely a success."

The alternative fuels effort supports the Navy's overall energy strategy to increase energy security and safeguard the environment. Recent and upcoming maritime vehicle alternative fuel testing include ongoing Yard Patrol boat demonstration at Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md., and a Landing Craft, Air-Cushioned vessel demonstration scheduled for early December at Naval Surface Warfare Center Panama City, Panama City, Fla.

Hornbeck Executes Contracts for Newbuilds, $720 Million

From Marine Log
17 November 2011

Hornbeck Offshore Services, Inc. (NYSE: HOS) says it has executed definitive contracts for the construction of sixteen high-specification offshore supply vessels. Deliveries will take place between the second quarter of 2013 and fourth quarter of 2014.

VT Halter Marine, Inc. of Pascagoula, Mississippi and Eastern Shipbuilding Group, Inc. of Panama City, Fla, will each build eight 300 class vessels, with options to build additional vessels. Hornbeck's first decision with respect to the exercise of options will need to be made in September 2012. Delivery dates for option vessels will be approximately 26 months following the option exercise.

The total cost of the first sixteen vessels under this program is expected to be approximately $720 million, excluding construction period interest. Construction costs will be funded with cash on-hand (including the net proceeds of a recently completed equity offering), projected free cash flow from operations and, if necessary, available capacity under the Hornbeck currently undrawn and recently expanded $300 million revolving credit facility.

VT Halter Marine will construct eight vessels based on the Super 320 design that it has developed for Hornbeck Offshore. These DP2 OSVs are designed to have 6,200 long tons of deadweight capacity, approximately 20,900 bbls of liquid mud carrying capability, 11,863 sq. ft. of deck area and a fire-fighting class notation. The Super 320 design is based on a larger version of the HOS Coral, an existing 290 class DP-2 OSV which the company has successfully operated since her delivery in early 2009. The Super 320 design has been developed with particular attention to environmental regulations, including a double-hull that eliminates any fuel storage adjacent to the sideshell, and propulsion machinery that meets the requirements of EPA Tier 3 for stack emissions.

The eight OSVs to be constructed by Eastern Shipbuilding Group will be DP-2 classed. Four vessels will be based on the STX Marine SV 300 design and four will be based on the STX Marine SV 310 design. Features of the STX design include over 20,000 bbls of liquid mud carrying capacity and a fire-fighting class notation. The SV 300 design calls for 5,500 long tons of deadweight capacity and 10,976 sq. ft. of deck space, while the SV 310 design calls for 6,144 long tons of deadweight capacity and 11,536 sq. ft. of deck space. The STX designs meet the same environmental standards as the Super 320 design and will also carry the ENVIRO class notation by the American Bureau of Shipping.


November 17, 2011

STX Anounces Eoseas Concept Ship, Incredible Eco-Friendly Design!

The Following is an Article from Ship Technology . This is a pretty incredible design. I would venture to call it the mother of all Sailing Vessels! 

 (11/9/2011)

www.ship-technology.com

Eoseas is a concept cruise ship being developed by STX Europe in collaboration with Stirling Design International (SDI).

The 105,000t ship will have an overall length of 305m, breadth of 60m and draft of 8m. Eoseas is being developed as a part of the Ecorizon programme launched by STX France in 2007.

STX's Ecorizon programme

Ecorizon is a technical programme aimed at developing innovative marine clean technologies and alternatives to oil fuels. The project attained maturity in 2009 after two years of research and development work.

Jointly funded by STX Europe and the Regional Council, Ecorizon consists of five major work programmes including energy management, air emission management, water management, waste management and sustainable design.

Ecorizon addresses the entire environmental footprint of the ship throughout the design, construction and operation stages. The long-term goal of the concept is to reduce the use of non-sustainable energy to 50% by 2015.

Eoseas design and features

Eoseas incorporates a pentamaran hull design. The double hull design will feature long promenade decks on both sides of the ship.

The ship will be a trimaran on five hulls, of which two hulls on either side will have the same fore-and-aft plane. An air cushion under the main hull optimises the hydrodynamic characteristics of the vessel.

The double skin on the ship will function as a natural air conditioning system. The frictional resistance of the ship is reduced with the air film injection and the froude number is reduced by incorporating vertical bow.

Fresh water is generated onboard using highly efficient multistage evaporators and reverse osmosis. The ship will feature an advanced wastewater purification system to treat grey and black waters. An absorption chiller absorbs rain water from the upper decks. It uses heat generated from engines.

The design objectives of the Eoseas are to reduce power consumption by 50%, emissions of CO2 by 50%, SO2 by 100%, NOX by 90% and ash by 100%.

Accommodation onboard the concept cruise ship

Eoseas can accommodate 3,311 passengers in 1,403 cabins. There are 555 cabins for 1,089 crew members. The ship allows the passengers to fully explore the maritime environment. The passenger space ratio of the ship will be 31.7 when full and 37.4 based on lower berths occupancy.

The cabins are designed to use natural lighting and are fitted with presence sensors and light sensors. The energy management systems in the cabins reduce energy consumption by 30%.

Propulsion and power

Eoseas will be powered by four dual-fuel LNG diesel electric generator sets. Each genset provides 8MW power for propulsion and hotel load. There are four screws, two pump propellers with shaft lines on the outriggers and two pump propeller pods on the central hull.

LNG is stored in a storage system similar to that of LNG carriers and is transferred in a pressurised service tank. The ship will have an advanced heat recovery plant to recover thermal energy.

8,300m² photovoltaic panels fixed on side and upper deck provide maximum power of 108MW and an average of 270kWe. The organic waste gasification plant onboard generates 300kWe syn gas which is used in the generator sets.

The ship is equipped with an innovative sail concept patented by STX France. The sails mounted on five masts over 12,440m² significantly use wind energy for propulsion.

STX France conducted 13 tank tests with different hulls and propulsion configurations during 2008 and 2009, achieving 17% improvements over conventional propulsion / hull systems.

The innovative propulsion system aboard the ship enhances fuel efficiency, redundancy and manoeuvring.